Microcontrollers and microprocessors are the driving force behind many of the technological devices that we use on a daily basis. These tiny devices power everything from smartphones and laptops to smart home systems and self-driving cars. Despite their importance, many…
Actuators are electromechanical devices that enable an EMS to make things happen in the world. In the realm of EFI, these include such devices as fuel injectors, boost controllers, and idle air control valves. Most but not all actuators are…
CAN is a simple protocol used in manufacturing and in the automobile industry. Modern vehicles are full of little embedded systems and electronic control units (ECUs) that can communicate using the CAN  protocol. CAN has been a standard on US…
How Engine Immobiliser Works:The engine immobilizer is an anti-theft system built in the engine ECU. It prevents the engine from starting without using vehicle’s authorized key. This system uses a special digitally coded key or a Smart Key fob. This…
Direct-Current Motor Principles DC motors use the interaction of magnetic fields to convert the electrical energy into mechanical energy. Magnetic lines of force flow from the north pole to the south pole of a magnet If a current-carrying conductor is…